IFN-γ stimulation of dental follicle mesenchymal stem cells modulates immune response of CD4+ T lymphocytes in Der p1+ asthmatic patients in vitro

Background: House dust mite (Dermataphagoides pteronyssinus) is a widespread risk factor in the development of asthma. CD4+ T lymphocytes have an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma by polarizing to Th2 cells. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the immunoregulatory effects of dental follicle mesenchymal stem cells with and without IFN-γ stimulation on peripheral blood mononuclear cells of house dust mite sensitive asthmatic patients, and compared those with Dexamethasone as a systemic steroid. Material and methods: PBMC of asthmatic patients and healthy individuals separately cultured with or without DF-MSCs in the presence and absence of IFN-γ or Der p1 or Dexamethasone for 72h. CD4+ T proliferation, cell viability, CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg cell frequency and cytokine profiles of PBMC were evaluated via flow cytometry. Results: DF-MSCs suppressed proliferation of CD4+ T lymphocytes (pCDmix < 0.01, pDerp1 < 0.01, pIFN < 0.005) by increasing the number of FoxP3 expressing CD4 + CD25 + T regulatory cells (pCDmix < 0.005, pDerp1 < 0.01, pIFN < 0.001) and suppressed lymphocyte apoptosis (pCDmix < 0.05, pDerp1< 0.05, pIFN < 0.05), while Dexamethasone increased the apoptosis and decreased Treg cell frequency in asthmatic patients. IFN-γ stimulation increased the suppressive effect of DF-MSCs and also enhanced the frequency of FoxP3 expressing CD4+CD25 + T regulatory cells. The cytokine levels were regulated by DF-MSCs by reducing IL-4 cytokine levels (pCDmix < 0.01, pDerp1 < 0.05, pIFN < 0.05) and upregulating IFN-γ levels (pCDmix < 0.01, pDerp1< 0.05, pIFN < 0.005) in asthmatic patients. Conclusion: IFN-γ stimulated DF-MSCs were found to have a high modulatory effect on CD4 + T cell responses, while Dexamethasone had an apoptotic effect on CD4+ T cells in asthmatic patients. DF-MSCs may be a new cell-based therapy option for allergic diseases including asthma

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IFN-γ stimulation of dental follicle mesenchymal stem cells modulates immune response of CD4+ T lymphocytes in Der p1+ asthmatic patients in vitro.

BACKGROUND: House dust mite (Dermataphagoides pteronyssinus) is a widespread risk factor in the development of asthma. CD4+ T lymphocytes have an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma by polarizing to Th2 cells. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the immunoregulatory effects of dental follicle mesenchymal stem cells with and without IFN-γ stimulation on peripheral blood mononuclear cells of house dust mite sensitive asthmatic patients, and compared those with Dexamethasone as a systemic steroid. MATERIAL AND METHODS: PBMC of asthmatic patients and healthy individuals separately cultured with or without DF-MSCs in the presence and absence of IFN-γ or Der p1 or Dexamethasone for 72h. CD4+ T proliferation, cell viability, CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg cell frequency and cytokine profiles of PBMC were evaluated via flow cytometry. RESULTS: DF-MSCs suppressed proliferation of CD4+ T lymphocytes (pCDmix<0.01, pDerp1<0.01, pIFN<0.005) by increasing the number of FoxP3 expressing CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells (pCDmix<0.005, pDerp1<0.01, pIFN<0.001) and suppressed lymphocyte apoptosis (pCDmix<0.05, pDerp1<0.05, pIFN<0.05), while Dexamethasone increased the apoptosis and decreased Treg cell frequency in asthmatic patients. IFN-γ stimulation increased the suppressive effect of DF-MSCs and also enhanced the frequency of FoxP3 expressing CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells. The cytokine levels were regulated by DF-MSCs by reducing IL-4 cytokine levels (pCDmix<0.01, pDerp1<0.05, pIFN<0.05) and upregulating IFN-γ levels (pCDmix<0.01, pDerp1<0.05, pIFN<0.005) in asthmatic patients. CONCLUSION: IFN-γ stimulated DF-MSCs were found to have a high modulatory effect on CD4+ T cell responses, while Dexamethasone had an apoptotic effect on CD4+ T cells in asthmatic patients. DF-MSCs may be a new cell-based therapy option for allergic diseases including asthma.

Impact of informed consent on patient decisions regarding third molar removal.

PURPOSE: We investigated whether the order in which patients learned about complication risks affected their anxiety about and willingness to undergo the removal of their third molar. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total, 171 patients (65 males, 106 females) were included in the study. The distributions of gender and the position of mandibular third molars were recorded. The Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale and Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were used to evaluate anxiety. Associations of anxiety with timing (pre/post), gender, and the order in which the information was presented in the consent form were analyzed. RESULTS: The most common angulations were horizontal (26.3%) and mesioangular (60.2%), and these were more common in women. All patients obtained significantly higher anxiety scores after reading the consent form. There was no significant difference in anxiety scores, according to the order of information. In total, 88 patients underwent surgery, whereas 83 postponed the extraction after reading the consent form. Women were significantly more anxious than men before the procedure. Patients showed lower anxiety levels after the procedure (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Increased anxiety was not associated with the order in which information was presented in the informed consent form. However, the informed consent form itself was a major contributor to increased patient anxiety. Further studies regarding the contents of consent forms and their effects on patient anxiety and decisions regarding third molar removal are needed.

Actinomycosis: report of a case with a persistent extraoral sinus tract.

Cervicofacial actinomycosis is a chronic suppurative and granulomatous infection that may reside for years and recur with sudden onset. It is the second most common type of actinomycosis and could be caused by trauma or infection. We report a draining actinomycotic sinus tract with extraordinary thickness that occurred owing to a long-standing chronic periapical infection of an extracted upper left second premolar 3 years before.

Taurodontism in association with supernumerary teeth.

The dental, radiological, genetic and dermatoglyphic findings of an additional patient with taurodontism in association with supernumerary teeth were presented and the findings of the patient were compared with those in the literature.

Classification and premedication of uncooperative children.

Forty-three uncooperative children ranging in age from 4-12 yr were pretreated with diazepam, acepromazine or a placebo, depending on their anxiety situations. The results showed that diazepam has a significantly more powerful effect on the successful termination of the dental procedure and on encouraging the cooperation and compliance of patients than acepromazine or placebo. The placebo was also found to be effective for increasing the cooperation of patients with negative anxiety. No significant difference was established between the actions of premedicants on pain reaction and amnesia. In the light of the present findings, it is suggested that drugs with sedative and also anxiolytic effects will be more beneficial for increasing the cooperation of children with mild or high anxiety than drugs with a sedative effect alone.

Antibacterial effects of ofloxacin, clindamycin and sultamicillin on surgical removal of impacted third molars.

This study examined the bacteraemia following surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars and evaluated the antibacterial effects of Ofloxacin, Clindamycin, Sultamicillin, used as prophylactic medications. The study involved a hundred healthy patients whose mandibular third molars were impacted horizontally. These patients were divided into four groups each including 25 individuals. One of the four groups was the control group. The other groups were those to which Ofloxacin, Clindamycin, and Sultamicillin were administered one hour before the operation and in the following 4 days postoperatively. Blood samples were taken before and immediately after the operation, and then, 1 and 24 hours postoperatively. Following the incubation of the samples under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, the samples were examined microbiologically. Preoperative samples were found to be negative. In the immediate postoperative samples, bacteraemia was found in 44% of the control group, 40% of Ofloxacin and Clindamycin groups and 36% of the Sultamicillin group. In the samples taken 1 hour after the operation, bacteraemia was found in 28% of the control group, 20% of the Ofloxacin group and 24% of the Clindamycin and Sultamicillin groups. In the control group, only 2 cases showed positive culture in the blood samples taken 24 hours after the operation. In conclusion, the antibiotics, Ofloxacin, Clindamycin, Sultamicillin have a significant effect in decreasing the risk of postoperative infection and bacteraemia.